Description

Welcome to Module 1!

Dear Learner,

This module provides a comprehensive knowledge and concept of grade 11 Geography. The purpose is to help students understand the spatial distribution of both physical and human-made things and phenomena and the two-way interactions and interdependences between natural and human environments of the world. It enables students to think geographically and critically about sustainable living from local to global, and how to act accordingly.  The module emphasizes on the patterns and processes that help to understand an ever changing planet; aspiring to develop invaluable 21st-century skills set for today and tomorrow; and offering unique opportunities to make sense of the modern world. From the broader perspective, the module focuses on the major topics of the physical and human geography including formation of the continents and oceans; climate regions of the world; natural resources and conflicts over resources; and global population dynamics and challenges.

The module is divided into four units each of which has its own specific objectives. The first unit focuses about the development stages of the Earth’s continents; the timescale of the Earth’s geological processes; the development stages of the Earth’s continents; and the relative position (distribution) of the Earth’s oceans and continental landmasses.

The second unit aims about climate classification and regions of the world. It includes approaches, climatic region classification criteria, and factors that influence global climatic regions.  Most classification schemes (such as Köppen’s and Trewartha’s) are intended for global or continental scale use and identify climatic zones based on the criteria. Understanding Earth’s climates require climate classification to recognize, clarify, and simplify climatic similarities and variations between geographic regions.

The third unit discusses about natural resource, classification of resources as renewable and non-renewable, the functions and management of land; resources under pressure, as well as resource depletion and degradation.

It also aims to trans-boundary Rivers, regional cooperation for sustainable use of trans-boundary Rivers, potential and actual use of water in Ethiopia Sudan and Egypt in the NBI; Conflicts over resources and conflict handling strategies.

The fourth unit discusses the growth of world population, Population trends in LDCs, dynamics of world population change; Population trends in MDCs, Factors responsible for uncontrolled population growth, international migration; policies on population growth and socioeconomic development as well as Policies on migration and distribution.

Competency

By the end of your study of this module, you will be able to:

• Demonstrate an understanding of Earth’s geological history, the formation of continents, and the distribution of landmasses and oceans over time.
• Classify and analyze climates using methods such as Köppen’s classification and evaluate the factors influencing climatic regions globally and locally.
• Identify and describe Ethiopia’s climate zones and compare local climate classification methods with Köppen’s system.
• Assess the significance of land as a natural resource, its functions, and its sustainable management in the context of population pressure and environmental impact.
• Examine the relationship between resource overuse, environmental degradation, population growth, and their effects on sustainability and regional conflicts, particularly in water resource management.
• Analyze trends in world population growth, including differences between LEDCs and MEDCs, and evaluate factors driving migration and population issues.
• Compare water usage patterns in Ethiopia, Sudan, and Egypt, and discuss the implications of inequitable water use for regional stability.

Contents

1. Formation Of The Continents

Lesson 1: Continents’ and oceans’ formation

Lesson 2: Geological time scale

Lesson 3: Continental oceanic distribution

Lesson 4: Continental drift shift.

2. Global Climate Zones

Lesson 5: Criteria for climate classification

Lesson 6: Köppen’s climate classification

Lesson 7: World climatic regions

Lesson 8: Climate region factors

Lesson 9: Ethiopia’s Climate Zones

3. Resource Conflicts Arise

Lesson 10: Ethiopia’s climate classification.

Lesson 11: Land degradation crisis

Lesson 12: Transboundary Rivers

Lesson 13: Sustainable River Cooperation

Lesson 14: Water Use Potential

Lesson 15: Conflicts Over Resources

4. Population Dynamics Challenges

Lesson 16: The Growth Of World Population

Lesson 17: Population growth drivers

Lesson 18: International Migration

Lesson 19: Population Policies

Assessment

Assessment in this module may include:ZZ

• Quizzes, Tests and assignments
• Mid-term exam
• Final exam

References

• Geography Grade 11 Student Text Book Based On New Curriculum
•  Royal Geography For Grade 11-12
• Galaxy Geography For Grade 11-12
• Intermediate Geography Grade 11-12
• Cambridge International AS and A Level Geography